§ DICTIONARY · CONCEPT

ellipse

Closed curve where the sum of distances from any point to two foci is constant.

§ 01

Definition

An ellipse is a stretched circle. The defining property: pick any point on the curve, draw a line from it to each of two interior points called the foci, and the two lengths will always add to the same number. A circle is the special case where the two foci coincide.

Interactive: ellipse

Kepler's first law says that every planet moves on an ellipse with the sun at one focus. The shape is characterized by two numbers — the semi-major axis, which sets the size, and the eccentricity, which sets how squished the shape is.